Rev. Soc. Bras. Enferm. Ped.2025;25:eSOBEP202508.
Factors associated with stress in family caregivers of children and adolescents with Down syndrome
DOI: 10.31508/1676-3793202508i
Abstract
Objective
To identify factors associated with stress among family caregivers of children and adolescents with Down syndrome.
Method
This was a cross-sectional, analytical, observational study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected in participants’ homes using a sociodemographic and clinical characterization instrument, the Perceived Stress Scale, and salivary cortisol collection upon awakening. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to identify associations.
Results
A total of 30 family members participated, including 24 mothers, five fathers, and one sister. Of these, 18 (60%) reported experiencing at least one stressful event in the previous 30 days. The mean perceived stress score was 31.9 points. Mean salivary cortisol upon awakening was 0.44 µg/dL, which is within the normal range for the morning period. A statistically significant association was found between salivary cortisol levels upon awakening and occupation.
Conclusion
A tendency toward low salivary cortisol levels upon awakening was observed among family caregivers. Family members with paid employment had higher salivary cortisol levels than caregivers without employment.
Keywords: Adolescent; Caregivers; Child; Nursing; Stress